Manufacture of liquid fuel



Patented May 13, 1924.

UNITED STATES 1,493,874 PATENT orrics.

JACOB DOLFEN, 0F BERN, SWITZERLAND, ASSIGNOR T0 FRITZ HOSTETTLER, 0F BERN, SWITZERLAND. I

MANUFACTURE OI LIQUID FUEL.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JACOB DOLFEN, a citizen of the German Empire, residing at Bern, Switzerland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Liquid Fuel, of which the following is a specification.

In the operation of hydro-carbon engines, the difliculty arises of consuming the crude oil constituents of the fatty series which boil between 130 and a point not exceeding 400 (1, and which give ofi' particularly large amounts of heat calories in burning, completely and as rapidly as the low-boiling oils having boiling points below 130 C. The object of this invention is to render the highboiling crude oil constituents suitable for use as fuel for hydro-carbon engines-explosion motors, for example-and in any of the carburetors now in general use for benzene. The new product which the invention proposes is characterized by the three following constituents:

1. At least one crude oil constituent of the fatty series, boiling between 130 and a point not exceeding 400 0.;

2. Hydro-carbons having a boiling point below 300 C. and of such a composition as will be obtained by the distillation of a tar;

3. Small additions of other light combustible substances, such as ketones, for example: acetone, aldehyde; or ethers or esters; or alcohols, for example: methylalcohol; or mixtures thereof.

The improved product is obtained by preparing a mixture of at least one crude oil constituent of the fatty series boiling between 130 and a point not exceeding 400 (3., hydro-carbons having a boiling point below 300 C. and of such a com osition as may be obtained by distillation o a tar, and small additions of other light combustible substances.

The fatty series of crude oil constituents cludin the hydro-carbons which are found in cru e petroleum or which have their characteristics. .Accordingly, a suitable petroleum oil can be used, or, for instance, the hydro-carbons obtained from the distillation of coal at low temperature, which are analogone to crude etroleum, or generator taroils. The com ustible material may also consist of crude oils of the fatty series other Application filed January 18, 1922. Serial No. 530,181.

than those having boiling points between the above-mentioned limits. For example, it can consist of petroleum hydrocarbons which distil at temperatures between 30 and 130 C. In this case, the whole fraction to of tar distillates, and about 5% o acetone (water free). A milky liquid is thereby obtained which gradually clears up when allowed to stand. The liquid may be filtered.

Eccamplc 2.Crude East India oil (Borneo oil) which, in addition to crudeoil con-' stituents of the fatty series having a boiling,point betwen 130 and the upper limit of 400 (1, contains, as is well known, up to 40% of the hydro-carbons included in group 2, is mixed with 5% of acetone. The mixture may be filtered. For the recovery of the above-mentioned hydro-carbons which boil below 300 C. and

of such a composition as to be obtainable by the distillation of tar, the procedure is best carried out as follows: I

Tar, obtained by coking coal, brown coal, etc., is once cleaned and distilled under pressure, either-at from 75 to 130 or, if very highowered motors are involved, then at from 5 to 150 or to 180 or to 210. For operating internal combustion engines, the tar can be distilled from? 5 to 250, or from 75 to'300. a

The new fuel is eminently suitable not only for explosion engines, but also for Diesel and other motors. In comparison with benzene and other fuels, it possesses a higher efiiciency, does not rust or soot, and is cheaper to manufacture. Moreover, it has the advantage that it can be mixed in suitable roportions with alcohol in any form.

I c aim: I

1. A fuel for combustion engines, containing at least one crude oil constituent belonging to the. fatty series boiling between 130 and a point not exceeding 000 C.; hydro-carbons having a boiling point below 300 0., and ofsuch a composition as will be obtained by the distillation of tar; 5 and a small quantity of acetone.

2. The herein-described method of producing fuel for combustion engines, comprising the step of adding a small quantity of acetone to a mixture of at least one crude oil constituent belonging to the fatty series boiling between 130 and a point not exceeding 400 C; and hydro carbons boiling below 300 C. and having such a composition as will be obtained by the distillation of tar. In testimony whereof I affix my signature. JACOB DULFEN. 

